Journal Articles on Category: Languages and Literatures

This study compares Nouveau Voyage en Espagne (1780) written by Peyron with the translation from French into Spanish by José García Mercadal published in 1952.The differences noticed between both texts revolve around two main points: modifications and errors. The first point includes the changes in the textual disposition, as well as the omissions, additions and corrections that the translator makes upon the original. The second point considers the various reasons of unfortunate translation of Peyron’s text. Among those reasons,literal translation, misinterpretation of graphemes or sounds, and typing mistakes,can be found.

Issn:16994949

Keywords: translation ; travel ; 18th century ; Peyron ; García Mercadal ; Spain

Volume: 5

Pages: 7-23

Subject-Object switching is of special and limited occurrence in Igbo syntax. In this aspect of Igbo syntax, the subject and object of a verb can freely exchange positions in the sentence structure without a change in the meaning of the sentence. Uwalaka (1988) in her seminal work on this phenomenon asserts that only a select few of Igbo verbs tolerate subject-object switching. It is claimed in Uwalaka (1988) that only Experiential and Process verbs allow subject-object switching in the sentence. In this study, we have provided evidence to show that Action verbs in Igbo also allow the phenomenon of subject-object switching. In Uwalaka (1988) it is suggested that the grammatical subjects of verbs tolerating subject-object switching take animate features. Our data shows that some verbs tolerating subject-object switching can take inanimate grammatical subjects. The Case roles Experiencer and Patient are assigned to the grammatical subjects of ‘subject-object’ switching verbs. We claim in this paper that the Agent Case role can be assigned to the Action verbs allowing ‘subject-object’ switching.

Issn:17355184

Keywords: Igbo verbs ; subject-object switching ; case roles ; grammatical subjects ; semantics

Volume: 3

Pages: 209-224

Based on an analysis of Electra by Sophocles, it is proposed that the central concern of the dramatist is not the matricide of Clytemnestra itself. Sophocles invites the audience to reflect, as though they were the jury in a law court, on the legality of the actionsof Electra. The play is thus a contribution to the debate on Justice in Greek society initiated almost two centuries previously.Baseado numa análise da Electra de Sófocles, propõe-se que a preocupação central do dramaturgo não é o matricídio da Clitemnestra em si. Sófocles convida a platéia a refletir, como se fosse o júri numtribunal, a respeito da legalidade das ações da Electra. Desta forma, a peça é uma contribuição ao debate sobre a Justiça na sociedade grega iniciado quase dois séculos antes.

Issn:19834675

Keywords: Electra ; Sophocles ; matricide ; justice ; Electra ; Sófocles ; matricídio ; justiça

Volume: 31

Pages: 53-60

This paper explores some of the difficulties faced by so called minority literatures in attracting both popular and critical notice, particularly in view of the fact that recourse to the vernacular can foreclose dissemination of works in significant markets. Theconsequence, it seems, is that minority literatures are in effect compelled to negotiate the encounter with readerships in those markets in the language of the other. This compels a number of difficult choices which can take on a distinctly ethical and/or political character, and which hinge on further complexities involving issues like translation, nationhood, and otherness. Those difficulties and choices are explored, in the paper, through a discussion of the specific challenges of Maltese literature: a case study that, in the context of the paper’s concerns, takes on particular significance in view of the unceasing debates within Maltese cultural history on the tensions between insularity and openness, authenticity and hybridity, identity and otherness, peripherality and majority.As dificuldades enfrentadas pelas assim chamadas literaturas minoritárias para chamar atenção crítica e popular sãoinvestigadas, especialmente porque o recurso à língua maternal local poderá barrar a disseminação de obras literárias de mercados literários significativos. Parece que as literaturas minoritárias são obrigadas a negociar o encontro com leitores nos mercadoscaracterizados pelo idioma do outro. Várias escolhas significativas devem ser feitas com características éticas e políticas distintas, ligados, frequentemente, a outros fatores complexos que envolvem questões de tradução, nacionalidade e alteridade. Nesse ensaio,analisam-se essas dificuldades e escolhas por meio de uma discussão sobre os desafios específicos da literatura de Malta: um estudo de caso que toma significados particulares diante dos debates incessantes no contexto da história cultural maltesa sobre as tensões entre a insularidade e a abertura, entre a autenticidade e o hibridismo, entre a identidade e a alteridade, entre a periferia e a maioria.

Issn:19834675

Keywords: Maltese literature ; minority literatures ; postcolonialism ; translation ; otherness ; literatura maltesa ; literaturas minoritárias ; pós-colonialismo ; tradução ; alteridade

Volume: 31

Pages: 31-40

O objetivo deste trabalho é realizar uma análise da leitura dos alunos do curso de licenciatura em Letras da Universidade Estadual de Maringá com relação à obra As aventuras de Huckleberry Finn, traduzida por Monteiro Lobato e originalmente escrita por Mark Twain (The adventures of Huckleberry Finn). Deve-se salientar que os alunos, salvo alguns casos, não foram introduzidos em técnicas tradutórias e, consequentemente, buscavam essas traduções sem qualquer instrução como forma de sanar suas dificuldades linguísticas, já que a leitura de textos traduzidos não é considerada como uma prática pedagógica válida pela maior parte do corpo docente. Por meio deste estudo, pretende-se investigar a importância de se trabalhar a tradução nas aulas de Literatura de Língua Inglesade modo que essa prática possa ocorrer concomitantemente com a análise literária, desenvolvendo estratégias de leitura de traduções em sala de aula.This study aims at analyzing the reading of As aventuras de Huckleberry Finn, by students of Letras (language teacher education) at the State University of Maringá. This book was originallywritten by Mark Twain (The adventures of Huckleberry Finn), and afterwards, it was translated by Monteiro Lobato. These students, except some of them, were not introduced into translation techniques and searched for translations without any academic instruction, inorder to solve their linguistic problems. This situation happens because the reading of translated texts is not considered a pedagogic practice by most part of the professors. Through this study, we intend to investigate the relevance of working with translation inEnglish Language Literature Classes, so that this practice can happen pari passu with the literary analysis, developing translation reading strategies in teacher education.

Issn:19834675

Keywords: As aventuras de Huckleberry Finn ; Monteiro Lobato tradutor ; formação do leitor ; formação do professor ; literatura traduzida ; recepção literária ; The adventures of Huckleberry Finn ; Monteiro Lobato as a translator ; reader development ; teacher education ; translated literature ; literary reception

Volume: 31

Pages: 15-21

Sob a ótica da Estilística da Enunciação, este artigo analisa a construçãodiscursiva de um conto de Lygia Fagundes Telles. Os resultados mostram que os estilos dediscurso do conto não correspondem às teorias existentes e que a miscelânea de estilosformada causa um paradoxo na recepção: proporciona uma velocidade textual que o leitornão acompanha, pois ela dificulta a apreensão do enredo. Desse modo, o efeito de confusãona recepção do leitor exprime o caráter psicológico do conto.This article analyzes the discursive construction of a short story by Lygia Fagundes Tellesanchored in the Stylistic of Enunciation. Results show that the speech styles of the story donot correspond to the existing theories. Also, the miscellany of styles causes a paradox in thereception: it provides a textual speed which the reader is not able to follow, thus making theplot difficult to apprehend. In this way, the sense of confusion caused in the readerexpresses the psychological character of the story.

Issn:19834675

Keywords: estilo discursivo ; monólogo interior ; recepção ; Lygia Fagundes Telles ; discursive style ; interior monologue ; reception ; Lygia Fagundes Telles

Volume: 31

Pages: 7-14

Num momento em que a ficção brasileira reconhecia o romance social como modelo característico da década de 1930, Cyro dos Anjos surgia com o seu O amanuense Belmiro, em 1937. Ecoando como uma voz dissonante aos princípios mais evidentes do romance social – o enfoque documental sobre a vida dos humildes, o engajamento, adenúncia –, Cyro foi apontado como escritor intimista e, por isso, acusado de gratuito, de puramente literário. A partir da década de 1940, entretanto, surgiram alguns críticos, como João Etienne Filho, em 1945, que questionaram o caráter puramente intimista do romance ede seu autor. Influenciados ou não por estes críticos, o certo é que, em 1983, começaram a surgir trabalhos acadêmicos que puseram em relevo uma abordagem social para o romance. Das 17 pesquisas realizadas no meio acadêmico, de 1976 a 2001, seis delas apresentaram O amanuense sob uma perspectiva social. Essa paulatina releitura da obra de estreia de Cyro dos Anjos tem como objetivo mostrar que o escritor não era, absolutamente, alienado aos problemas do seu tempo.When Brazilian fiction acknowledged the social romance as characteristic of the 1930s, Cyro dos Anjos published O amanuense Belmiro in 1937. Harking against the most evidence principles of thesocial romance – the documental focus on the life of humble people, commitment, denouncement -, Cyro was shown to be an intimist writer and taxed to be a purely literary writer. As from the 1940s, however, others critics, such as João Etienne Filho, who in 1945 problematized the purely intimate character of the novel and of it’s author. In 1983academic works were being undertaken, influenced or not by these critics, that enhanced a social approach for the novel. In the context of seventeen researches academically undertaken between 1976 and 2001, six revealed the novel O amanuense from a socialperspective. The gradual re-vision of Cyro dos Anjos’s debut novel shows that the writer was not absolutely distant from the problems of his age.

Issn:19834675

Keywords: Cyro dos Anjos ; O amanuense Belmiro ; revisão crítica ; Cyro dos Anjos ; O amanuense Belmiro ; critical revision

Volume: 31

Pages: 1-6

Resumen: La metodología presentada en este artículo pretende ayudar a solventar dos problemas educativos en el campo del L2: el sentimiento de frustración de muchos adultos españoles cuando se enfrentan al aprendizaje de una segunda lengua, sumado al hecho de que la tendencia en la enseñanza de idiomas es incluir las TICs, recursos a los que, en muchos casos, son totalmente ajenos. Así, por un lado se intentan mejorar los problemas tradicionales que encuentra el docente en la enseñanza de una segunda lengua a adultos mediante la inclusión de los diferentes estilos de aprendizaje individuales y la consecuente adaptación del material curricular a los mismos. Todo ello representado en tres espacios educativos para facilitar el aprendizaje de adultos de una forma pausada, cómoda, familiar y motivante: un espacio educativo semivirtual donde las Tics tienen un papel importante dentro del aula tradicional, un espacio de educación abierto, donde la ciudad actúa como marco, y el aula tradicional.Summary: The methodology presented in this article aims to better two important problems in L2 education nowadays: the feeling of frustration that many adults suffer when facing the learning of a second language, besides the fact that the Tics are very important tools in the language classroom, which, unfortunately, may suppose a second barrier for those who have not been in contact with them. Thus, we aim to overcome some traditional L2 teaching issues by paying attention to the different styles adult students have and the adaptation of the syllabus to those specific needs in three learning spaces: a semivirtual learning space within the traditional classroom environment, an open learning space in the city and the regular classroom. In other words, we aim to take advantage of Tics and city architecture by creating these three learning contexts to enhance the teaching/learning of L2 and new technologies in a paused, convenient and familiar approach.

Issn:19888430

Keywords: Enseñanza ; Aprendizaje ; Adultos ; Vencer miedos ; Tics ; Caso práctico.

Volume: 4

Pages: 56-73

Resumen: El giro decisivo en la enseñanza de la lengua, concebida como sistema, a su uso real está condicionado por la incorporación y el aprovechamiento de las nuevas metodologías de investigación lingüística, que dan cuenta de una situación más acorde con la realidad. En la didáctica del léxico de una lengua extranjera, como puede ser el español, se revelan especialmente útiles los resultados que proporcionan las pruebas de disponibilidad léxica. Tras exponer las reflexiones teóricas y los principios metodológicos de que participamos en nuestro estudio, se presenta un análisis de léxico general realizado a partir de un corpus de 400 encuestas de disponibilidad a alumnos de enseñanza media, de 15 a 18 años de edad, recogidas entre 1998 y 1999 en Almería capital.Summary: The decisive turn of language teaching, conceived as a system, toward its use is conditioned by the incorporation and the benefit of new methods in linguistic investigation which pay attention to a situation closer to reality. To promote research in lexical didactics of a foreign language, for example of Spanish, the results of lexical availability tests are especially useful. After explaining the theoretical frame and the methodological principles for this study, a general analysis of lexicon is presented. 400 tests of lexical availability were applied to students (15-18 years old) in secondary education, between 1998 and 1999 in the city of Almería.

Issn:19888430

Keywords: Disponibilidad léxica. Didáctica del léxico. Español lengua extranjera

Volume: 4

Pages: 8-18

Music is an art which telling sense and thoughtswith certain rules and harmonius sounds with sound’smaterials. Turkish music has an history about 2500years. Ottoman music includes a term of 500 years inthis history. Music is an object that Classical Turkishpoetry benefits. At this article will be put out the musicand the music’s terms’ echos in the Ibrahim Rashid’sDiwan which Classical Turkish poetry’s representativesin 19. century.

Issn:13082140

Keywords: Music ; Ottoman ; Ibrahim Rashid ; Diwan

Volume: 4

Pages: 199-225